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  2. Sharia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia

    Islamic scholar Rashid Rida (1865–1935 CE) lists the four basic sources of Islamic law, agreed upon by all Sunni Muslims: "the [well-known] sources of legislation in Islam are four: the Qur'an, the Sunnah, the consensus of the ummah and ijtihad undertaken by competent jurists" [71] The textual integrity (Al Hejr:9) and divinity of the Quran ...

  3. Jakarta Charter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta_Charter

    The Jakarta Charter (Indonesian: Piagam Jakarta) was a document drawn up by members of the Indonesian Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) on 22 June 1945 in Jakarta that later formed the basis of the preamble to the Constitution of Indonesia. The document contained the five principles of the Pancasila ideology ...

  4. Wilayatul Hisbah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilayatul_Hisbah

    Wilayatul Hisbah is the Islamic religious police force responsible for the enforcement of sharia law in the autonomous region of Aceh, Indonesia. [1] The origins of this force can be traced to 2001 when a special autonomy law was promulgated to allow for the state of Aceh to implement more elements of sharia law, which the Indonesian government see as a useful way of decreasing local fervor ...

  5. Islah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islah

    Usul al-Fiqh. Islah or Al-Islah (الإصلاح ,إصلاح, al-ʾIṣlāḥ) is an Arabic word, usually translated as "reform", in the sense of "to improve, to better, to put something into a better position, correction, correcting something and removing vice, reworking, emendation, reparation, restoration, rectitude, probability, reconciliation."

  6. Rufaida Al-Aslamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufaida_Al-Aslamia

    Rufayda Al-Aslamia (also transliterated Rufaida Al-Aslamiya or Rufaydah bint Sa`ad) (Arabic: رفيدة الأسلمية) (born approx. 620 AD; 2 BH) was an Arab medical and social worker recognized as the first female Muslim nurse and the first female surgeon in Islam. [ 1 ] She is known as the first nurse in the world.

  7. Islam and democracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_democracy

    Rejection of democracy as a Western import and advocacy of traditional Islamic institutions, such as shura (consultation) and ijma (consensus), as exemplified by supporters of absolute monarchy and radical Islamist movements; Belief that democracy requires restricting religion to private life, held by a minority in the Muslim world.

  8. Five Pillars of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam

    The Five Pillars of Islam (arkān al-Islām أركان الإسلام; also arkān ad-dīn أركان الدين "pillars of the religion ") are fundamental practices in Islam, considered to be obligatory acts of worship for all Muslims. They are summarized in the hadith of Gabriel. [1][2][3][4] The Sunni and Shia agree on the basic details of ...

  9. Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam

    t. e. Islam[ a ] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.