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Viruses cause about 70% of episodes of infectious diarrhea in the pediatric age group. [13] Rotavirus is a less common cause in adults due to acquired immunity. [27] Norovirus is the cause in about 18% of all cases. [28] Generally speaking, viral gastroenteritis accounts for 21–40% of the cases of infectious diarrhea in developed countries. [29]
Diarrhea. Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day. [2] It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. [2] Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of ...
Norovirus, also known as Norwalk virus and sometimes referred to as the winter vomiting disease, is the most common cause of gastroenteritis. [1][6] Infection is characterized by non-bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. [2][3] Fever or headaches may also occur. [2] Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after being exposed, and ...
NSP4 is a viral enterotoxin that induces diarrhoea and was the first viral enterotoxin discovered. [56] It is a viroporin that elevates cytosolic Ca 2+ in mammalian cells. [57] NSP5 is encoded by genome segment 11 of rotavirus A. In virus-infected cells NSP5 accumulates in the viroplasm. [58]
Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. [1] It is the most common disease to be known as food poisoning (though the name refers to food-borne illness in general), these are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), bovine viral diarrhoea (UK English) or mucosal disease, previously referred to as bovine virus diarrhea (BVD), is an economically significant disease of cattle that is found in the majority of countries throughout the world. [1] Worldwide reviews of the economically assessed production losses and intervention ...
608,000 (2022) [5] Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and Anopheles mosquitoes. [6][7][3] Human malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and headaches. [1][8] In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. [1][9] Symptoms usually begin 10 to 15 days after ...
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent episodes of intestinal inflammation, primarily manifesting as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Unlike ulcerative colitis, inflammation can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, though it most frequently affects the ileum and colon, involving all layers of the ...