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Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, with approximately 2.8 billion and 1.9 billion adherents, respectively. [ 1][ 2] Both religions are Abrahamic and monotheistic, having originated in the Middle East . Christianity developed out of Second Temple Judaism in the 1st century CE.
The Abrahamic religions are a grouping of three of the major religions ( Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) together due to their historical coexistence and competition; [ 1][ 2] it refers to Abraham, a figure mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Bible, and the Quran, and is used to show similarities between these religions and put them ...
This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non- Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2] [3] [4]
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad Sallallahu 'Alaihi Wa Salam, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history. [4]
Ezekiel ( Arabic: حزقيال; "Ḥazqiyāl" [ b]) is recognized as a prophet in Islamic tradition. Although not mentioned by name in the Quran, Muslim scholars, both classical [ c] and modern [ d] have included Ezekiel in lists of the prophets of Islam . The Quran mentions a prophet called Dhū al-Kifl [ e] ( ذو الكفل ).
In Islam, Jesus ( Arabic: عِيسَى ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ, romanized : ʿĪsā ibn Maryam, lit. 'Jesus, son of Mary ') is believed to be the penultimate prophet and messenger of God and the Messiah sent to guide the Children of Israel ( Banī Isra'īl) with a book called the Injīl (Evangel or Gospel). In the Quran, Jesus is described ...
The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th ...
The history of Christianity follows the Christian religion as it developed from its earliest beliefs and practices in the first-century, spread geographically in the Roman Empire and beyond, and became a global religion in the twenty-first century . Christianity originated with the ministry of Jesus, a Jewish teacher and healer who was ...