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2. Focal length - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length

   The focal length f, the distance from the front principal plane to the object to photograph s1, and the distance from the rear principal plane to the image plane s2 are then related by: As s1 is decreased, s2 must be increased. For example, consider a normal lens for a 35 mm camera with a focal length of f = 50 mm.

3. Camera lens - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_lens

   Normal lens: angle of view of the diagonal about 50° and a focal length approximately equal to the image diagonal. Wide-angle lens: angle of view wider than 60° and focal length shorter than normal. Long-focus lens: any lens with a focal length longer than the diagonal measure of the film or sensor. [10] Angle of view is narrower.

4. Zoom lens - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoom_lens

   A zoom lens is a system of camera lens elements for which the focal length (and thus angle of view) can be varied, as opposed to a fixed-focal-length (FFL) lens ( prime lens ). A true zoom lens or optical zoom lens is a type of parfocal lens, one that maintains focus when its focal length changes. [1] Most consumer zoom lenses do not maintain ...

5. f-number - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-number

   Diagram of decreasing apertures, that is, increasing f-numbers, in one-stop increments; each aperture has half the light-gathering area of the previous one. An f-number is a measure of the light-gathering ability of an optical system such as a camera lens. It is calculated by dividing the system's focal length by the diameter of the entrance ...

6. Angle of view (photography) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_view_(photography)

   How focal length affects perspective: Varying focal lengths at identical field size achieved by different camera-subject distances. Notice that the shorter the focal length and the larger the angle of view, perspective distortion and size differences increase. Lenses are often referred to by terms that express their angle of view:

7. Normal lens - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_lens

   A normal lens typically has an angle of view that is close to one radian (~57.296˚) of the optical system's image circle. [citation needed] For 135 format (24 x 36 mm), with an escribed image circle diameter equal to the diagonal of the frame (43.266 mm), the focal length that has an angle of one radian of the inscribed circle is 39.6 mm; the focal length that has an angle of one radian of ...