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  2. Sociology of language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_language

    Sociology. Sociology of language is the study of the relations between language and society. [1] It is closely related to the field of sociolinguistics, [2] which focuses on the effect of society on language. One of its longest and most prolific practitioners was Joshua Fishman, who was founding editor of the International Journal of the ...

  3. Sociolinguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolinguistics

    t. e. Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any or all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on language and the ways it is used. It can overlap with the sociology of language, which focuses on the effect of language on society. Sociolinguistics overlaps considerably with pragmatics and is ...

  4. List of languages by total number of speakers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_total...

    This is a list of languages by total number of speakers. It is difficult to define what constitutes a language as opposed to a dialect . For example, Chinese and Arabic are sometimes considered single languages, but each includes several mutually unintelligible varieties , and so they are sometimes considered language families instead.

  5. Stereotypes of white Americans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotypes_of_white_Americans

    As the social definition of "white people" has changed over the years, studies have shown that members of different races, ethnicities, and nationalities have different stereotypes of white people. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] Before the 1980s, ethnic groups such as the Irish , Italians , Armenians , and Polish people were portrayed in popular media and ...

  6. Varieties of Arabic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varieties_of_Arabic

    Varieties of Arabic (or dialects or vernacular languages) are the linguistic systems that Arabic speakers speak natively. [ 2] Arabic is a Semitic language within the Afroasiatic family that originated in the Arabian Peninsula. There are considerable variations from region to region, with degrees of mutual intelligibility that are often related ...

  7. Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity_and...

    Berlin and Kay identified eleven possible basic color categories: white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, purple, pink, orange, and gray. To be considered a basic color category, the term for the color in each language had to meet certain criteria: It is monolexemic (for example, red, not red-yellow or yellow-red.)

  8. Stratum (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratum_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, a stratum ( Latin for "layer") or strate is a historical layer of language that influences or is influenced by another language through contact. The notion of "strata" was first developed by the Italian linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (1829–1907), and became known in the English-speaking world through the work of two different ...

  9. Pluricentric language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluricentric_language

    In the modern era, Catalan is a pluricentric language with differences in pronunciation and vocabulary. This language is internationally known as Catalan, as in Ethnologue. This is also the most commonly used name in Catalonia, but also in Andorra and the Balearic Islands, probably due to the prestige of the Central Catalan dialect spoken in ...