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Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), also known as a vacuum assisted closure (VAC), is a therapeutic technique using a suction pump, tubing, and a dressing to remove excess wound exudate and to promote healing in acute or chronic wounds and second- and third-degree burns.
Pressure ulcers can trigger other ailments, cause considerable suffering, and can be expensive to treat. Some complications include autonomic dysreflexia, bladder distension, bone infection, pyarthrosis, sepsis, amyloidosis, anemia, urethral fistula, gangrene and very rarely malignant transformation (Marjolin's ulcer – secondary carcinomas in chronic wounds).
A Med-E-Jet vaccination gun from 1980. A jet injector, also known as a jet gun injector, air gun, or pneumatic injector, is a medical instrument that uses a high-pressure jet of liquid medication to penetrate the skin and deliver medication under the skin without a needle.
Though early use focused on burns and surgical wounds, [1] wider use of wounds treated with TCOT have become more common in diabetic foot ulcers, venous stasis and decubitus ulcers (pressure sores). TCOT involves inserting a thin tube which delivers the oxygen above the wound bed of a cleaned wound.
[31] [32] Pressure ulcers are caused by ischemia that occurs when pressure on the tissue is greater than the pressure in capillaries, and thus restricts blood flow into the area. [30] Muscle tissue, which needs more oxygen and nutrients than skin does, shows the worst effects from prolonged pressure. [ 32 ]
A negative pressure ventilator (NPV) is a type of mechanical ventilator that stimulates an ill person's breathing by periodically applying negative air pressure to their body to expand and contract the chest cavity.
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[7] A dermographic tester (HTZ Ltd, London, UK) is a calibrated equipment with a 0.9 mm diameter spring-loaded tip that may also be used to test for pressure urticaria. [3] [8] A different technique for assessing pressure urticaria is to apply a 2.5–4.5 kg weighted rod with a convex end to the back, leg, or forearm and leave it there for 15 ...