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Endothelial lipase (LIPG) is a form of lipase secreted by vascular endothelial cells in tissues with high metabolic rates and vascularization, such as the liver, lung, kidney, and thyroid gland. [1] The LIPG enzyme is a vital component to many biological processes.
Human pancreatic lipase (HPL) is the main enzyme that breaks down dietary fats in the human digestive system. [5] To exhibit optimal enzyme activity in the gut lumen, PL requires another protein, colipase, which is also secreted by the pancreas. [18] lysosomal lipase: LIPA: interior space of organelle: lysosome
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) (EC 3.1.1.34, systematic name triacylglycerol acylhydrolase (lipoprotein-dependent)) is a member of the lipase gene family, which includes pancreatic lipase, hepatic lipase, and endothelial lipase. It is a water-soluble enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides in lipoproteins, such as those found in chylomicrons and very ...
Hepatic lipase (HL), also called hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) or LIPC (for "lipase, hepatic"), is a form of lipase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglyceride. Hepatic lipase is coded by chromosome 15 and its gene is also often referred to as HTGL or LIPC . [ 5 ]
Pancreatic lipase, also known as pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase or steapsin, is an enzyme secreted from the pancreas.As the primary lipase enzyme that hydrolyzes (breaks down) dietary fat molecules in the human digestive system, it is one of the main digestive enzymes, converting triglyceride substrates like 1 found in ingested oils to monoglycerides 3 and free fatty acids 2a and 2b.
The enzyme phospholipase A 2 (EC 3.1.1.4, PLA 2, systematic name phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase) catalyses the cleavage of fatty acids in position 2 of phospholipids, hydrolyzing the bond between the second fatty acid "tail" and the glycerol molecule: phosphatidylcholine + H 2 O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme release is signaled by autonomic nervous system after ingestion, at which time the serous glands under the circumvallate and foliate lingual papillae on the surface of the tongue [3] secrete lingual lipase to the grooves of the circumvallate and foliate papillae, co-localized with fat taste receptors.
These enzymes include sulphatases, phosphatases, peptidases, glycosidases, and nucleases. [3] The biochemical role of these enzymes are observed in various pathways, specifically in lipid catabolism. At the intracellular level, the byproducts released by the lysosomal lipase are recycled for membrane assembly and energy production. [4]