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  2. Contact binary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_binary

    The rate of energy transfer between the components is dependent on their mass ratio and luminosity ratio. In cases where the stars are in geometric contact but the thermal contact is poor, there can exist wide differences between their respective temperatures. [6] Contact binaries are not to be confused with common envelopes. Whereas the ...

  3. Converse relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converse_relation

    In the monoid of binary endorelations on a set (with the binary operation on relations being the composition of relations), the converse relation does not satisfy the definition of an inverse from group theory, that is, if is an arbitrary relation on , then does not equal the identity relation on in general.

  4. Vergence (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vergence_(optics)

    Vergence of a beam. The vergence is inversely proportional to the distance from the focus in metres. If a (positive) lens is focussing the beam, it has to sit left of the focus, while a negative lens has to sit right of the focus to produce the appropriate vergence.

  5. Aberration (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberration_(astronomy)

    Consider the case where a distant star is motionless relative to the Sun, and the star is extremely far away, so that parallax may be ignored. In the rest frame of the Sun, this means light from the star travels in parallel paths to the Earth observer, and arrives at the same angle regardless of where the Earth is in its orbit.

  6. Proportionality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)

    Two sequences are inversely proportional if corresponding elements have a constant product, also called the coefficient of proportionality. This definition is commonly extended to related varying quantities, which are often called variables .

  7. Two-body problem in general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-body_problem_in...

    Conversely, all local gravitational effects should be reproducible in a linearly accelerating reference frame, and vice versa. Thus, gravity acts like a fictitious force such as the centrifugal force or the Coriolis force , which result from being in an accelerated reference frame; all fictitious forces are proportional to the inertial mass ...

  8. Optical aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_aberration

    In pinhole projection, the magnification of an object is inversely proportional to its distance to the camera along the optical axis so that a camera pointing directly at a flat surface reproduces that flat surface. Distortion can be thought of as stretching the image non-uniformly, or, equivalently, as a variation in magnification across the ...

  9. Duality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duality_(mathematics)

    Conversely, to any such subgroup H ⊆ G there is the fixed field K H consisting of elements fixed by the elements in H. Compared to the above, this duality has the following features: An extension F ⊆ F ′ of intermediate fields gives rise to an inclusion of Galois groups in the opposite direction: Gal( K / F ′) ⊆ Gal( K / F ) .