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A new constitution order was approved in a referendum in 2006, which moved Gibraltar to a more Crown dependency-like relationship with the UK, rather than the previous colonial status. [36] The new constitution came into effect in January 2007. Gibraltar is classified as a British overseas territory.
The English Law (Application) Act 1962 stipulates that English common law will apply to Gibraltar unless overridden by Gibraltar law. However, as Gibraltar is a self-governing British overseas territory, it maintains its own independent tax status and its parliament can enact laws independently of the United Kingdom.
The Gibraltar sovereignty referendum of 2002 was a referendum, called by the Government of Gibraltar and held on 7 November 2002 within the British overseas territory, on a proposal by the UK Government to share sovereignty of the territory between Spain and the United Kingdom. The result was a rejection of the proposal by a landslide majority ...
Gibraltar: Parliamentary democracy King Charles III of the United Kingdom: Governor Sir Ben Bathurst: Chief Minister Fabian Picardo Guernsey: Crown dependency: King Charles III of the United Kingdom (as Duke of Normandy) Lieutenant-Governor Richard Cripwell: Bailiff Sir Richard McMahon President Lyndon Trott Isle of Man: Crown dependency
The Gibraltar sovereignty referendum of 1967 was held on 10 September 1967, in which Gibraltarian citizens were asked whether they wished to pass under Spanish sovereignty, with Gibraltarians keeping their British citizenship and a special status for Gibraltar within Spain; or remain under British sovereignty, with its own self-governing institutions.
Upon declaring Gibraltar to be a Crown Colony in 1830, [7] the 1830 Charter of Justice [8] established an independent judiciary and a Supreme Court of Justice. [7] This reflected the British colonial system, where individual colonies had their own, distinct governments, finances, and judicial systems. [9]
In the 1830s, the status of Gibraltar evolved from "The town and garrison of Gibraltar" to the "Crown Colony of Gibraltar". [Note 1] Yet, civilian rights could still be suppressed in light of military order. [6] A Charter of Justice, Civilian Magistracy Supreme Court, and Civil Rights were created that same year.
The Government of Gibraltar is elected for a term of four years. The head of government is the chief minister, currently the Hon. Fabian Picardo of the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party (GSLP), who has been in office since 9 December 2011, in alliance with the Liberal Party of Gibraltar (Liberals), following the 2011 General Election.