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The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded about 10,000 years ago, [1] [2] but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD. [3] Lithuanians , one of the Baltic peoples , later conquered neighboring lands and established the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 13th century (and also a short-lived ...
Prussia (Prussian: Prūsa; Polish: Prusy ⓘ; Lithuanian: Prūsija; Russian: Пруссия [ˈprusʲ(ː)ɪjə] ⓘ; German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ; Latin: Pruthenia/ Prussia / Borussia) is a historical region in Central Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, that ranges from the Vistula delta in the west to the end of the Curonian Spit in the east and extends inland as far ...
The group of countries that are members of the inter-governmental Baltic Assembly and Baltic Council of Ministers, [4] and generally referred to by the shorthand, Baltic states: [5] [6] [7] Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, exclaved from the remainder of Russia. [8]
From this point on the history of Lithuania is recorded in chronicles, treaties, and other written documents. In 1219, 21 Lithuanian dukes signed a peace treaty with Galicia–Volhynia . This event is widely accepted as the first proof that the Baltic tribes were uniting and consolidating. [ 1 ]
In the first partition, Russia gained 92,000 km 2 and 1.3 million people. In the second, 250,000 km 2 and 1 million people. In the third, 120,000 km 2 and 1.2 million people. Overall, Russia had gained about 62 percent of the former Commonwealth territory (462,000 km 2) and about 45 percent of the population (3.5 million people). [25]
Lithuania is a member of NATO, OECD and the European Union. Its population is about 2.8 million. The largest city and capital is Vilnius. During the 14th century, Lithuania was the largest country in Europe, as present-day Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were territories of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, [5] succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, [6] when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
Lithuania–Russia relations or the Russo-Lithuanian relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of Lithuania and the Russian Federation. They have been marked by a long and turbulent history dating back to the Middle Ages. The modern-day relations have been mostly hostile.