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To confirm that a task activates identical regions in schizophrenia patients vs. controls, the given task typically begins easily so that both patients and healthy comparison subjects perform close to 100% accuracy; the task is then increased in difficulty to distinguish activation between two groups with varying abilities of individuals. [8]
In schizophrenia, estimations of perceived contrast in surround suppression are less suppressed than for healthy adults. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] Further, the magnitude of this perceptual suppression effect has been shown to correlate with the concentration of GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), an inhibitory neurotransmitter , in the visual cortex . [ 15 ]
Hyperphantasia is the condition of having extremely vivid mental imagery. [1] It is the opposite condition to aphantasia, where mental visual imagery is not present. [2] [3] The experience of hyperphantasia is more common than aphantasia [4] [5] and has been described as being "as vivid as real seeing". [4]
Schizophrenia is not a particularly common mental health disorder in America, affecting just 1.2 percent of the population (around 3.2 million people), but its effects can be debilitating.
They may include fully formed images, such as human figures or scenes, angelic figures, or unformed phenomena, like flashes of light or geometric patterns. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Visual hallucinations are not restricted to the transitional states of awakening or falling asleep and are a hallmark of various neurological and psychiatric conditions. [ 3 ]
Several models have been put forward to explain the link between altered brain function and schizophrenia. [27] The prevailing model of schizophrenia is that of a neurodevelopmental disorder, and the underlying changes that occur before symptoms become evident are seen as arising from the interaction between genes and the environment. [126]
A number of online neuroscience databases are available which provide information regarding gene expression, neurons, macroscopic brain structure, and neurological or psychiatric disorders. Some databases contain descriptive and numerical data, some to brain function, others offer access to 'raw' imaging data, such as postmortem brain sections ...
In 1927, Egas Moniz introduced cerebral angiography, whereby both normal and abnormal blood vessels in and around the brain could be visualized with great precision. In the early 1970s, Allan McLeod Cormack and Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield introduced computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scanning), and ever more detailed anatomic images of the ...
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