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A TRIAC (triode for alternating current; also bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor [1]) is a three-terminal electronic component that conducts current in either direction when triggered.
The purpose of the circuit is to start the TRIAC conducting very near the time point when the load voltage is crossing zero (at the beginning or the middle of each AC cycle represented by a sine wave), so that the output voltage begins as a complete sine-wave half-cycle.
In the following example crowbar circuit, the LM431 adjustable zener regulator controls the gate of the TRIAC. The resistor divider of R 1 and R 2 provide the reference voltage for the LM431. The divider is set so that during normal operating conditions, the voltage across R 2 is slightly lower than V REF of the LM431.
A solid-state relay uses a thyristor, TRIAC or other solid-state switching device, activated by the control signal, to switch the controlled load, instead of a solenoid. An optocoupler (a light-emitting diode (LED) coupled with a photo transistor ) can be used to isolate control and controlled circuits.
A zero-crossing in a line graph of a waveform representing voltage over time. A zero-crossing is a point where the sign of a mathematical function changes (e.g. from positive to negative), represented by an intercept of the axis (zero value) in the graph of the function.
A TRIAC resembles an SCR in that both act as electrically controlled switches. Unlike an SCR, a TRIAC can pass current in either direction. Thus, TRIACs are particularly useful for AC applications. TRIACs have three leads: a gate lead and two conducting leads, referred to as MT1 and MT2.
A Voltage controller thyristor based dimmer rack An electrical schematic for a typical SCR-based light dimmer. A voltage controller, also called an AC voltage controller or AC regulator is an electronic module based on either thyristors, triodes for alternating current, silicon-controlled rectifiers or insulated-gate bipolar transistors, which converts a fixed voltage, fixed frequency ...
In computer science, a generator is a routine that can be used to control the iteration behaviour of a loop. All generators are also iterators. [1] A generator is very similar to a function that returns an array, in that a generator has parameters, can be called, and generates a sequence of values.