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Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.
Intraocular pressure varies throughout the night and day. The diurnal variation for normal eyes is between 3 and 6 mmHg and the variation may increase in glaucomatous eyes. During the night, intraocular pressure may not decrease [ 17 ] despite the slower production of aqueous humour. [ 18 ]
Ocular hypertension is the presence of elevated fluid pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), usually with no optic nerve damage or visual field loss. [1] [2]For most individuals, the normal range of intraocular pressure is between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. [3]
The "gain" of the VOR is defined as the change in the eye angle divided by the change in the head angle during the head turn. Ideally the gain of the rotational VOR is 1.0. The gain of the horizontal and vertical VOR is usually close to 1.0, but the gain of the torsional VOR (rotation around the line of sight) is generally low. [ 4 ]
The young human eye can change focus from distance (infinity) to as near as 6.5 cm from the eye. [32] [33] This dramatic change in focal power of the eye of approximately 15 dioptres (the reciprocal of focal length in metres) occurs as a consequence of a reduction in zonular tension induced by ciliary muscle contraction.
Amaurosis fugax (Ancient Greek: ἀμαύρωσις, amaurosis meaning 'darkening', 'dark', or 'obscure', Latin: fugax meaning 'fleeting') is a painless temporary loss of vision in one or both eyes. [ 3 ]
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When one looks at the left edge, one will see a faint blue spike going from the light to the right. A phosphene is the perception of light without light actually entering the eye, for instance caused by pressure applied to the closed eyes.