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The mark for silver meeting the sterling standard of purity is the Lion Passant, but there have been other variations over the years, most notably the mark indicating Britannia purity. The Britannia standard was obligatory in Britain between 1697 and 1720 to try to help prevent British sterling silver coins from being melted to make silver plate .
A hallmark is punched into a section of a silver chain by a silversmith.. A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal, mostly to certify the content of noble metals—such as platinum, gold, silver and in some nations, palladium.
The first legal definition of sterling silver appeared in 1275, when a statute of Edward I specified that 12 troy ounces of silver for coinage should contain 11 ounces 2 + 1 ⁄ 4 pennyweights of silver and 17 + 3 ⁄ 4 pennyweights of alloy, with 20 pennyweights to the troy ounce. [11] This is (not precisely) equivalent to a millesimal ...
The zolotnik (Russian золотник, from the Russian zoloto, or золото, meaning gold) was used in Russia as early as the 11th century to denote the weight of gold coins. In its earliest usage, the zolotnik was 1/96 of a pound, but it later was changed to represent 1/72 of a pound.
Millesimal fineness is a system of denoting the purity of platinum, gold and silver alloys by parts per thousand of pure metal by mass in the alloy. For example, an alloy containing 75% gold is denoted as "750".
Britannia silver is an alloy of silver containing 11 ozt 10 dwt (i.e. 11½ troy oz.) silver in the pound troy, equivalent to 23 ⁄ 24, or 95.833% by weight silver, the rest usually being copper.
identification of the manufacturer and place of origin (manufacturer's mark, maker's mark, later a factory mark); differentiation in order to distinguish between similar items (for example, a date mark). These marks are typically useful to distributors; [7] certification of the product quality (certification mark, for example, an assay mark).
bag mark. Also called a contact mark. A surface mark, or nick, on a coin, usually from contact with other coins in a mint bag. [1] More often seen on large gold or silver coins. banker's mark A small countermark applied to a coin by a bank or a trader indicating that they consider the coin to be genuine and of legal weight.