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The ascent propulsion system (APS) or lunar module ascent engine (LMAE) is a fixed-thrust hypergolic rocket engine developed by Bell Aerosystems for use in the Apollo Lunar Module ascent stage. It used Aerozine 50 fuel, and N 2 O 4 oxidizer. Rocketdyne provided the injector system, at the request of NASA, when Bell could not solve combustion ...
The ascent stage contained the crew cabin, instrument panels, overhead hatch/docking port, forward hatch, optical and electronic guidance systems, reaction control system, radar and communications antennas, ascent rocket engine and propellant to return to lunar orbit and rendezvous with the Apollo Command and Service Modules.
The descent module comprising propellant tanks, a main engine, landing gear and supporting structure and an Ascent Module with a pressurized crew cabin, life support systems, docking systems, avionics, propellant tanks and engine for lunar ascent. [7] Like the Apollo LM, the Altair's crew cabin was based on that of a cylinder.
Aerojet Rocketdyne is a subsidiary of American defense company L3Harris that manufactures rocket, hypersonic, and electric propulsive systems for space, defense, civil and commercial applications. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 2 ] Aerojet traces its origins to the General Tire and Rubber Company (later renamed GenCorp, Inc. as it diversified) established in ...
Descent stage may have hit the Moon, ascent stage in heliocentric orbit. Snoopy is the only flown LM ascent stage known to have survived intact (possibly asteroid 2018 AV2 [52]). LM-5 Eagle: Apollo 11: July 16, 1969 Descent stage on lunar surface in Sea of Tranquility, ascent stage left in lunar orbit (could be still orbiting the moon [53]) LM ...
Representation of the lunar gravity well, illustrating how resources needed only for the trip home don't have to be carried down and back up the "well". The main advantage of LOR is the spacecraft payload saving, due to the fact that the propellant necessary to return from lunar orbit back to Earth need not be carried as dead weight down to the Moon and back into lunar orbit.
The spacecraft employs a Launch Abort System (LAS) along with a "Boost Protective Cover" (made of fiberglass), to protect the Orion CM from aerodynamic and impact stresses during the first 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 minutes of ascent. Orion is designed to be 10 times safer during ascent and reentry than the Space Shuttle. [25]
Apollo 9 (March 3–13, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program.Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the full Apollo spacecraft: the command and service module (CSM) with the Lunar Module (LM).