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The hydrometer sinks deeper in low-density liquids such as kerosene, gasoline, and alcohol, and less deep in high-density liquids such as brine, milk, and acids. It is usual for hydrometers to be used with dense liquids to have the mark 1.000 (for water) near the top of the stem, and those for use with lighter liquids to have 1.000 near the bottom.
Hydrometry is the monitoring of the components of the hydrological cycle including rainfall, groundwater characteristics, as well as water quality and flow characteristics of surface waters. [1]
The Fahrenheit hydrometer is a device used to measure the density of a liquid. It was invented by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), better known for his work in thermometry . The Nicholson hydrometer , after William Nicholson (1753-1815), is similar in design, but instead of a weighted bulb at the bottom there is a small container ...
The Twaddell scale is a hydrometer scale used for measuring the specific gravity of liquids relative to water. On this scale, a specific gravity of 1.000 is reported as 0, and a specific gravity of 2.000 is reported as 200. [1]
The only reference to modern history claims (without giving a reference) that the hydrometer appears in the works of Jacques Alexandre César Charles, who was born in 1746, but a London instrument maker, John Clarke, was marketing hydrometers in 1725, when they were in use by the Excise authorities to measure the strengths of spirits, and there ...
Hydrostatic bubbles, also known as philosophical bubbles, gravity beads, aerometrical beads and hydrometer beads, are a type of hydrometer invented in 1757 by Alexander Wilson of Glasgow. [1] The design was subsequently improved and patented by the glassblower and instrument maker Isabella Lovi [ 2 ] of Edinburgh in 1805. [ 3 ]
The elevator paradox relates to a hydrometer placed on an "elevator" or vertical conveyor that, by moving to different elevations, changes the atmospheric pressure. In this classic demonstration, the floating hydrometer remains at an equilibrium position. Essentially, a hydrometer measures specific gravity of liquids independent of barometric ...
A hydroscope is any of several instruments related to water: . One kind is an instrument for making observations below the surface of water, [1] such as a long tube fitted with various lenses arranged so that objects lying at the bottom can be reflected upon a screen on the deck of the ship that carries it.