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The lowest energy transfer to Mars is a Hohmann transfer orbit, a conjunction class mission which would involve a roughly 9-month travel time from Earth to Mars, about 500 days (16 mo) [citation needed] at Mars to wait for the transfer window to Earth, and a travel time of about 9 months to return to Earth. [9] [10] This would be a 34-month trip.
NASA: Flyby Successful [4] Humanity's first object to attain Solar system's escape velocity. First probe to traverse the asteroid belt, to reach Jovanian system, to use a gravity assist and to leave the proximity of Solar systems' planets. Held the record for fastest human-made object at the time and the most distant one until Voyager 1 ...
USA (NASA) OAO-2: 21 December 1968: First human excursion beyond low Earth orbit. First in-person observations of Earth from a distance. First Trans-Earth injection. USA (NASA) Apollo 8 [25] 24 December 1968 First human flight to another celestial body (the Moon) and to enter its gravitational influence. USA (NASA) Apollo 8 [25] January 1969
The system would be supported by permanent Earth and lunar orbital propellant depots. [2] The Saturn V might still have been used as a heavy lift launch vehicle for the nuclear ferry and space station modules. A special "Mars Excursion Module" would be the only remaining vehicle necessary for a human Mars landing.
After a near-perfect flight traveling 3,600 miles (5,800 km) above Earth, the spacecraft was recovered for study. NASA plans to use the Orion crew vehicle to send humans to deep space locations such as the Moon and Mars starting in the 2020s.
NASA: success Left Saturn in September 1979. Last contact September 1995. The craft's antenna cannot be maneuvered to point to Earth. Craft now presumed to lack sufficient power for antenna. 1973-019A: Voyager 1: NASA: success Left Saturn in November 1980. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data. 1977-084A: Voyager 2: NASA ...
If you wanted to take a closer look at the ringed planet, you would have to travel 1.2 billion kilometers... but the long journey would be the least of your worries.
Pioneer 11 was the first spacecraft to fly by Saturn. Mars 4: Mars 21 July 1973 10 February 1974 205 days (6 months, 21 days) Mars 4 failed to enter Mars orbit and flew by it instead. [90] Mars 6: Mars 5 August 1973 12 March 1974 220 days (7 months, 8 days) The Mars 6 bus flew by Mars at a minimum distance of 1600 km. Also carried a lander. [13 ...