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The Association for Investment Management and Research (AIMR) was founded in 1990 as the umbrella organization for the ICFA and the FAF, still separate entities at that time. ICFA and the FAF consolidated under AIMR in 1999. [8] In 2004, the Association for Investment Management and Research voted to change its name to the CFA Institute. [11]
During the period 2010–2021, pass rates for Levels 1-3 ranged from 22-56%. [11] The CFA Level 1 examination in May 2021 and July 2021 made news headlines after plummeting to a record-low pass rate of 25% and 22%, respectively, [12] [13] [14] and in August 2021, the level 2 pass rate fell to 29%. [15]
CFI also offers the Commercial Banking and Credit Analyst (CBCA) certification which is designed for the credit analysts who are working in different banks, credit rating agency or insurance. The program includes 17 optional prerequisites to review the fundamentals and 15 core courses to build a foundation in credit analysis.
(Additional to these, it offers various training courses and workshops. [5]) The South African Institute of Stockbrokers [6] administers the six exams required to become a qualified stockbroker, so as to manage a member firm of the JSE; other requirements are 3 years' work experience, and specified education.
The investment banking industry, including boutique investment banks, have come under criticism for a variety of reasons, including perceived conflicts of interest, overly large pay packages, cartel-like or oligopolistic behavior, taking both sides in transactions, and more. [50] Investment banking has also been criticized for its opacity. [51]
The institute offers qualifications, training and professional membership. It holds the UK licence to award the Certified Financial Planner (CFP) designation. Amongst the qualifications offered is the Diploma in Capital Markets which covers the areas of securities, investment, compliance, derivatives, corporate finance and operations. [2]
With President Joe Biden soon leaving the White House, Democratic National Committee members are already readying for a fight to reorder the primary contests in the next presidential election.
The Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst Association was founded in 2002 by the Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA) and the Center for International Securities and Derivatives Markets (CISDM). As of 2024, there are over 13,000 CAIA members. [1]