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^a CID 71567 from PubChem (D-phenylalanine) ^a CID 6140 from PubChem (L-phenylalanine) This page was last edited on 12 January 2024, at 23:28 (UTC). Text is ...
Phenylalanine is a precursor for tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline), and the biological pigment melanin. It is encoded by the messenger RNA codons UUU and UUC. Phenylalanine is found naturally in the milk of mammals.
α-Methylphenylalanine (α-MePhe or AMPA) is an artificial amino acid and a phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative. [1] It is the α-methylated analogue of phenylalanine, the precursor of the catecholamine neurotransmitters, and the amino acid analogue of amphetamine (α-methylphenethylamine), a psychostimulant and monoamine releasing agent.
Aspartame is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose and is commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. [4] It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with brand names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. [4]
Most common among natural products is the amino acid phenylalanine, which contains a phenyl group. A major product of the petrochemical industry is " BTX " consisting of benzene, toluene, and xylene - all of which are building blocks for phenyl compounds.
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (4-HPPA) is an intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. The aromatic side chain of phenylalanine is hydroxylated by the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase to form tyrosine. The conversion from tyrosine to 4-HPPA is in turn catalyzed by tyrosine aminotransferase. [2]
D-Phenylalanine (DPA, D-Phe), sold under the brand names Deprenon, Sabiben, and Sabiden, is an enantiomer of phenylalanine which is described as an antidepressant and is marketed as a prescription drug for medical use in Argentina. [1] [2] The medication has been marketed since at least the 1970s [3] and continued to be available by the 2000s. [1]
Lactoylphenylalanine, or Lac-Phe, is a metabolite generated by intense exercise. [1] [2] [3] In mice, high levels of Lac-Phe in the blood cause a decrease of food intake [1] and in humans, its production has been shown to correlate with adipose tissue loss during an endurance exercise intervention. [4]
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