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The 4L80-E uses two shift solenoids, initially called Shift Solenoid A and Shift Solenoid B; they were later changed to comply with OBD-II regulations to 1-2 shift solenoid and 2-3 shift solenoid. By activating and deactivating the solenoids in a predetermined pattern by the PCM, four distinct gear ratios can be achieved.
Beginning in 1998 a new 300mm torque converter with improved higher-capacity internals, 300mm style input shaft, and 300mm style pump was also introduced on models coupled to a Gen III Small Block. The 4L60E is rated to handle up to 360 ft⋅lb (490 N⋅m) of torque. It weighs 133 pounds without transmission fluid. [1]
For 1991 GM introduced the 4T60-E which was a 4T60 with electronic controls, first seen on the new Buick Park Avenue.One benefit was that the cruise control was integrated into the gearbox' electronic control module, improving the ability to maintain a set speed while avoiding needless shifting, thus lowering fuel consumption and noise levels. [1]
The 6HP 26 was the initial version and first used by the BMW 7 Series (E65) in 2001. Initially only used by premium brands, it was later available on the 2009 model year V8 Hyundai Genesis. Several versions of the 6HP 26 are available depending on application and brand: 6HP 26, 6HP 26A and 6HP 26X.
The solenoid can be useful for positioning, stopping mid-stroke, or for low velocity actuation; especially in a closed loop control system. A uni-directional solenoid would actuate against an opposing force or a dual solenoid system would be self cycling. The proportional concept is more fully described in SAE publication 860759 (1986).
A transmission solenoid or cylinoid is an electro-hydraulic valve that controls fluid flow into and throughout an automatic transmission. Solenoids can be normally open or normally closed. They operate via a voltage or current supplied by the transmission computer or controller.
The first Pontiac Tempests used a modified version of the Powerglide transaxle shared with the Chevrolet Corvair. But unlike the Corvairs, the TempesTorque was connected via a flexible drive shaft to an unconventional slant-4 (half of a 389 V-8) or an aluminum 215 c.i. V-8, which would be later sold to the Rover Group and be renamed the 3500 V-8.
The typical torque converter of the time was about 11.5in. long and the torque multiplication ratio was about 1.5 to 1. The N360/N600 torque converter was about 5.5in. long and achieved a torque multiplication of over 2.2 to 1. The first Civic was equipped with a manually changed hydraulically engaged two-speed transmission with a torque converter.