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Arctogadus glacialis, known also with ambiguous common names Arctic cod [1] [2] and polar cod, [1] [3] is an Arctic species of fish in the cod family Gadidae, related to the true cod (genus Gadus). Arctogadus glacialis is found in icy water. They grow to about 30 cm long, and are favorite food of narwhals and other arctic whales.
The pelagic food web, showing the central involvement of marine microorganisms in how the ocean imports nutrients from and then exports them back to the atmosphere and ocean floor. A marine food web is a food web of marine life. At the base of the ocean food web are single-celled algae and other plant-like organisms known as phytoplankton.
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a species of krill found in the Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean.It is a small, swimming crustacean that lives in large schools, called swarms, sometimes reaching densities of 10,000–30,000 animals per cubic metre. [3]
Boreogadus saida, known as the polar cod [1] [2] [3] or as the Arctic cod, [1] [4] [5] is a fish of the cod family Gadidae, related to the true cod (genus Gadus). Another fish species for which both the common names Arctic cod and polar cod are used is Arctogadus glacialis .
Krill have been harvested as a food source for humans and domesticated animals since at least the 19th century, and possibly earlier in Japan, where it was known as okiami. Large-scale fishing developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and now occurs only in Antarctic waters and in the seas around Japan.
Krill is a rich source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids which are under development in the early 21st century as human food, dietary supplements as oil capsules, livestock food, and pet food. [10] [11] [12] Most krill is processed to produce fish food for use in aquariums and aquacultures. The krill is sold freeze-dried, either whole or ...
The position that a fish occupies in a food web is called its trophic level (Greek trophē = food). The organisms it eats are at a lower trophic level, and the organisms that eat it are at a higher trophic level. Forage fish occupy middle levels in the food web, serving as a dominant prey to higher level fish, seabirds and mammals.
Given this, Arctic habitats are projected to shift vigorously in the next years, impacting krill growth and abundance of nutrients such as chlorophyll a. [8] The movement of krill in various geographic locations result in a movement of energy in the food web. Carbon, caloric, and lipid concentrations vary depending on the specie and the location.