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Logic is the study of proof and deduction as manifested in language (abstracting from any underlying psychological or biological processes). [1] Logic is not a closed, completed science, and presumably, it will never stop developing: the logical analysis can penetrate into varying depths of the language [2] (sentences regarded as atomic, or splitting them to predicates applied to individual ...
An extensional definition gives meaning to a term by specifying its extension, that is, every object that falls under the definition of the term in question.. For example, an extensional definition of the term "nation of the world" might be given by listing all of the nations of the world, or by giving some other means of recognizing the members of the corresponding class.
A language is intensional if it contains intensional statements, and extensional otherwise. All natural languages are intensional. [ 4 ] The only extensional languages are artificially constructed languages used in mathematical logic or for other special purposes and small fragments of natural languages.
Transparent intensional logic (frequently abbreviated as TIL) is a logical system created by Pavel Tichý. Due to its rich procedural semantics TIL is in particular apt for the logical analysis of natural language. From the formal point of view, TIL is a hyperintensional, partial, typed lambda calculus.
Jacobus Naveros-- Jayanta Bhatta-- Jingle-jangle fallacies-- John Corcoran (logician)-- John W. Dawson, Jr-- Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics-- Journal of Automated Reasoning-- Journal of Logic, Language and Information-- Journal of Logic and Computation-- Journal of Mathematical Logic-- Journal of Philosophical Logic-- Journal of ...
It overlaps with psychology, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, logic, and probability theory. Psychological experiments on how humans and other animals reason have been carried out for over 100 years. An enduring question is whether or not people have the capacity to be rational.
He worked in the field of intensional logic and founded transparent intensional logic, an original theory of the logical analysis of natural languages – the theory is devoted to the problem of saying exactly what it is that we learn, know and can communicate when we come to understand what a sentence means. He spent roughly 25 years working ...
There are multiple versions of the type theory: Martin-Löf proposed both intensional and extensional variants of the theory and early impredicative versions, shown to be inconsistent by Girard's paradox, gave way to predicative versions. However, all versions keep the core design of constructive logic using dependent types.