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  2. Zener diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_diode

    For example, a diode with a Zener breakdown voltage of 3.2 V exhibits a voltage drop of very nearly 3.2 V across a wide range of reverse currents. The Zener diode is therefore well suited for applications such as the generation of a reference voltage (e.g. for an amplifier stage), or as a voltage stabilizer for low-current applications. [2]

  3. Blocking oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking_oscillator

    When the absorber is in the primary circuit, e.g. a Zener diode (or LED) with voltage V z connected "backwards" across the primary windings, the current waveshape is a triangle with the time t open determined by the formula I p = I peak,m - V z ×T open /L p, here I peak,m being the primary current at the time the switch opens. When the ...

  4. Current source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_source

    Thus, as long as the Zener current (I Z) is above a certain level (called holding current), the voltage across the Zener diode (V Z) will be constant. Resistor, R1, supplies the Zener current and the base current (I B) of NPN transistor (Q1). The constant Zener voltage is applied across the base of Q1 and emitter resistor, R2.

  5. Diode modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode_modelling

    The last thing needed is a resistor to limit the current, as shown below: Ideal diode with a series voltage source and resistor. The I-V characteristic of the final circuit looks like this: I-V characteristic of an ideal diode with a series voltage source and resistor. The real diode now can be replaced with the combined ideal diode, voltage ...

  6. Load regulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_regulation

    A simple way to manually measure load regulation is to connect three parallel load resistors to the power supply where two of the resistors, R 2 and R 3, are connected through switches while the other resistor, R 1 is connected directly.

  7. Zener effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_effect

    In electronics, the Zener effect (employed most notably in the appropriately named Zener diode) is a type of electrical breakdown, discovered by Clarence Melvin Zener. It occurs in a reverse biased p-n diode when the electric field enables tunneling of electrons from the valence to the conduction band of a semiconductor , leading to numerous ...

  8. Noise generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_generator

    Zener diode based noise source. A noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (i.e., a random signal). Noise generators are used to test signals for measuring noise figure, frequency response, and other parameters.

  9. Capacitive power supply - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitive_power_supply

    Above right a voltage regulator can be seen, formed by the current limiting resistor, R3, and the Zener shunt regulator, IC1. If the voltage stability is not too important a Zener diode can be used as a regulator; the two-terminal device would eliminate R4 and R5 used as a resistive voltage divider in the schematic above.

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