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In genetics, chromosome translocation is a phenomenon that results in unusual rearrangement of chromosomes. This includes balanced and unbalanced translocation, with two main types: reciprocal, and Robertsonian translocation. Reciprocal translocation is a chromosome abnormality caused by exchange of parts between non-homologous chromosomes. Two ...
Previous diagnostic methods, including short-read sequencing, were unable to provide an answer. With PacBio’s innovative multiomic solutions, researchers identified a chromosome X;13 balanced translocation disrupting four key genes—each through a unique molecular mechanism.
Miller–Dieker syndrome, also called Miller–Dieker lissencephaly syndrome (MDLS) or chromosome 17p13.3 deletion syndrome, [1] is a micro deletion syndrome characterized by congenital malformations. Congenital malformations are physical defects detectable in an infant at birth which can involve many different parts of the body, including the ...
Emanuel syndrome is an inherited chromosome abnormality. It is caused by the presence of extra genetic material from chromosome 11 and chromosome 22 in each cell. In addition to the usual 46 chromosomes, people with Emanuel syndrome have an extra (supernumerary) chromosome consisting of a piece of chromosome 11 attached to a piece of chromosome 22.
In unbalanced forms, Robertsonian translocations cause chromosomal deletions or addition and result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). The most frequent forms of Robertsonian translocations are between chromosomes 13 and 14, 14 and 21, and 14 and 15. [2]
Patau syndrome is a syndrome caused by a chromosomal abnormality, in which some or all of the cells of the body contain extra genetic material from chromosome 13.The extra genetic material disrupts normal development, causing multiple and complex organ defects.
13q deletion syndrome is a rare genetic disease caused by the deletion of some or all of the large arm of human chromosome 13.Depending upon the size and location of the deletion on chromosome 13, the physical and mental manifestations will vary.
Disorders such as chromosome instability can be inherited via genes, or acquired later in life due to environmental exposure. One way that Chromosome Instability can be acquired is by exposure to ionizing radiation. [14] Radiation is known to cause DNA damage, which can cause errors in cell replication, which may result in chromosomal instability.