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Word problem from the Līlāvatī (12th century), with its English translation and solution. In science education, a word problem is a mathematical exercise (such as in a textbook, worksheet, or exam) where significant background information on the problem is presented in ordinary language rather than in mathematical notation.
Then the word problem in is solvable: given two words , in the generators of , write them as words in and compare them using the solution to the word problem in . It is easy to think that this demonstrates a uniform solution of the word problem for the class K {\displaystyle K} (say) of finitely generated groups that can be embedded in G ...
The word problem for an algebra is then to determine, given two expressions (words) involving the generators and operations, whether they represent the same element of the algebra modulo the identities. The word problems for groups and semigroups can be phrased as word problems for algebras. [1]
The ! permutations of the numbers from 1 to may be placed in one-to-one correspondence with the ! numbers from 0 to ! by pairing each permutation with the sequence of numbers that count the number of positions in the permutation that are to the right of value and that contain a value less than (that is, the number of inversions for which is the ...
Abstract algebra came into existence during the nineteenth century as more complex problems and solution methods developed. Concrete problems and examples came from number theory, geometry, analysis, and the solutions of algebraic equations. Most theories that are now recognized as parts of abstract algebra started as collections of disparate ...
In computer science and mathematics, the Josephus problem (or Josephus permutation) is a theoretical problem related to a certain counting-out game. Such games are used to pick out a person from a group, e.g. eeny, meeny, miny, moe. A drawing for the Josephus problem sequence for 500 people and skipping value of 6.
Combinations and permutations in the mathematical sense are described in several articles. Described together, in-depth: Twelvefold way; Explained separately in a more accessible way: Combination; Permutation; For meanings outside of mathematics, please see both words’ disambiguation pages: Combination (disambiguation) Permutation ...
Such a permutation is a one-to-one mapping of the set of natural numbers from 1 to 100 to itself. A sequence of numbers which after repeated application of the permutation returns to the first number is called a cycle of the permutation. Every permutation can be decomposed into disjoint cycles, that