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Choriocarcinoma is a malignant, trophoblastic [1] cancer, usually of the placenta. It is characterized by early hematogenous spread to the lungs. It belongs to the malignant end of the spectrum in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). It is also classified as a germ cell tumor and may arise in the testis or ovary.
Germ cell tumor (GCT) is a neoplasm derived from the primordial germ cells. [1] Germ-cell tumors can be cancerous or benign. Germ cells normally occur inside the gonads (ovary [2] and testis). GCTs that originate outside the gonads may be birth defects resulting from errors during development of the embryo.
A mixed germ cell tumor in the testes. On the left side shows yolk sac tumor, and on the right side shows embryonal carcinoma. Under the classification of the biology GCT, there is a more detailed classification contains specific types of extracranial extragonadal germ cell tumor. There are two types, teratomas, and malignant GCTs.
Common symptoms of OGCT are bloating, abdominal distention, ascites, and dyspareunia. [1] OGCT is caused mainly due to the formation of malignant cancer cells in the primordial germ cells of the ovary. [1] The exact pathogenesis of OGCTs is still unknown however, various genetic mutations and environmental factors have been identified. [1]
According to the Mayo Clinic, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurs when the germ-fighting cells in the lymphatic system grow out of control. This can cause tumors to form throughout the body. B cell ...
It is a malignant neoplasm and is one of the most treatable and curable cancers, with a survival rate above 95% if discovered in early stages. [3] Testicular seminoma originates in the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules. [4] About half of germ cell tumors of the testicles are seminomas. [5] Treatment usually requires removal of one ...
In contrast, the epithelial cells originate from the outer epithelial lining surrounding the gonad while the germ cell tumors arise from the precursor cells of the gametes, hence the name germ cell. [1] In humans, this group accounts for 8% of ovarian cancers and under 5% of testicular cancers. Their diagnosis is histological: only a biopsy of ...
These pelvic tumors have a greater likelihood of being malignant. An early survey found that the rate of tumor malignancy was 48% for girls and 67% for boys older than 2 months at the time of sacrococcygeal tumor diagnosis, compared with a malignant tumor incidence of 7% for girls and 10% for boys younger than 2 months at the time of diagnosis.