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  2. Upadeśa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upadeśa

    In Indian religions, both Hinduism and Buddhism, upadeśa is the spiritual instruction and example provided by the guru: . The guru does not merely ask his disciple to perform a task; he helps him by remaining by his side and directing him, indeed remaining close to his heart and showing the pupil the path he must follow in this life.

  3. Spiritual direction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritual_direction

    Aristotle would have fixed some rules for a proper spiritual guidance of pupils in the second book of his Rhetoric. Other examples can be found in Cynics , Epicureans —who used epistolary form for this purpose (e.g., Metrodorus )— or Stoics —like Marcus Aurelius , Seneca , Musonius Rufus or Epictetus in his Discourses —who actively ...

  4. Spirituality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirituality

    The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality is referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.

  5. Vimbuza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vimbuza

    It is a ritualistic dance performed to communicate with the spirits of the dead and to seek their guidance. [1] [2] Vimbuza is a holistic healing approach that combines physical movement, vocalizations, and spiritual connection to promote emotional balance and well-being. The dance is meant to induce a trance-like state. [1]

  6. Guru - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru

    This interaction exemplifies the importance within the Hindu tradition for a disciple to seek guidance from an experienced spiritual guru. [40] Additionally, other references to the role of a guru in the Bhagavad Gita include verse 4.34 - those who know their subject well are eager for good students, and the student can learn from such a guru ...

  7. Spiritual practice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritual_practice

    Many devout Christians have a home altar at which they (and their family members) pray and read Christian devotional literature, sometimes while kneeling at prie-dieu.. In Christianity, spiritual disciplines may include: prayer, fasting, reading through the Christian Bible along with a daily devotional, frequent church attendance, constant partaking of the sacraments, such as the Eucharist ...

  8. Spiritual Exercises - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritual_Exercises

    The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola are considered a classic work of spiritual literature. [16] Many Jesuits are ready to direct the general public in retreats based on the Exercises. Since the 1980s there has been a growing interest in the Spiritual Exercises among people from other Christian traditions. [3]

  9. Spiritualism (movement) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)

    By 1853, when the popular song "Spirit Rappings" was published, spiritualism was an object of intense curiosity. Spiritualism is a social religious movement popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, according to which an individual's awareness persists after death and may be contacted by the living. [1]