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Functional constipation, also known as chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC), is defined by less than three bowel movements per week, hard stools, severe straining, the sensation of anorectal blockage, the feeling of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual maneuvers during feces, without organic abnormalities.
Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass. [2] The stool is often hard and dry. [4] Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. [3]
Causes of constipation may include faecal impaction and bowel obstruction, which may in turn be caused by ileus, intussusception, volvulus. Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition of unknown aetiology, classified as either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, that can affect the intestines and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Where ODS occurs with fecal incontinence, it may represent fecal impaction combined with overflow diarrhea (overflow incontinence). [39] Self-digitation (digital help) is the use of the digits (fingers) to apply pressure in order to achieve defecation. Most people recognize the need for digitation as a symptom, and not a treatment. [20]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Medical system for classifying human faeces Medical diagnostic method Bristol stool scale Bristol stool chart Synonyms Bristol stool chart (BSC); Bristol Stool Scale (BSS); Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS or BSF scale); Purpose classify type of feces (diagnostic triad for irritable bowel ...
Anal encirclement effectively supplements the anal sphincter, narrowing the anal canal and its barrier function to stool, without altering voluntary control. Since complications are common, and can be serious (fecal impaction, infection, erosion of encirclement through anal canal), modern surgeons prefer to perform colostomy. [5]
Volvulus; Coronal CT of the abdomen, demonstrating a volvulus as indicated by twisting of the bowel stock: Specialty: General surgery: Symptoms: Abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, bloody stool [1] [2]
This may occur when there is a large mass of feces in the rectum (fecal loading), which may become hardened (fecal impaction). Liquid stool elements can pass around the obstruction, leading to incontinence. Megarectum (enlarged rectal volume) and rectal hyposensitivity are associated with overflow incontinence.