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Anteosaurus (meaning "Antaeus lizard") is an extinct genus of large carnivorous dinocephalian synapsid. It lived at the end of the Guadalupian (= Middle Permian) during the Capitanian age, about 265 to 260 million years ago in what is now South Africa. It is mainly known by cranial remains and few postcranial bones.
Olson (1962) notes that the Russian dinocephalian assemblages indicate environments tied to water, and Boonstra considered that the roughly contemporary Anteosaurus was a slinking crocodile-like semi-aquatic form. The long tail, weak limbs, and sprawling posture do indeed suggest some sort of crocodile-like existence.
Doliosauriscus. These are very specialized, very large anteosaurs.The postcanine teeth are further reduced. Deepening of the postorbital region of the skull (behind the eyes) produced a larger temporal opening, indicating more muscle mass.
Anteosauridae is an extinct family of large carnivorous dinocephalian therapsids that are known from the Middle Permian of Asia, Africa, and South America.These animals were by far the largest predators of the Permian period, with skulls reaching 80 cm in length in adult individuals, far larger than the biggest gorgonopsian.
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Sinophoneus is identified as the most basal Anteosaurinae and is the sister group of an unresolved trichotomy including Titanophoneus potens, T. adamanteus and Anteosaurus. [ 3 ] Below, the cladogram of the anteosaurs presented by Kammerer in 2011 : [ 3 ]
Reconstruction of the skull of Pampaphoneus biccai by Juan Carlos Cisneros.. The holotype (UFRGS PV386P) of Pampaphoneus is a skull measuring approximately 32 cm in length.. As with all anteosaurs, the ventral margin of the premaxilla is inclined upwards and the postorbital bar is strongly curved anteroventrally so that the temporal fenestra undercuts orb
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