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Rail subsidies vary in both size and how they are distributed, with some countries funding the infrastructure and others funding trains and their operators, while others have a mixture of both. Subsidies can be used for either investment in upgrades and new lines, or to keep lines running that create economic growth.
Transport Infrastructure Ireland (Irish: Bonneagar Iompair Éireann) is a state agency in Ireland, dealing with road and public transport infrastructure. The body was established in 2015 from a merger of the Railway Procurement Agency into the National Roads Authority, with the latter being assigned the new operational name of Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII).
The rail network in Ireland was developed by various private companies during the 19th century, with some receiving government funding. The network reached its greatest extent by 1920. A broad gauge of 1600mm (5 ft 3in) [2] was agreed as the standard for the island, although there were also hundreds of kilometres of 914mm (3 ft) narrow gauge ...
Map of Ireland's rail transport infrastructure, showing number of tracks, electrification and maximum speed. Below is a list of all passenger routes on the island of Ireland. Please note the following when examining routes: Services below usually, but not necessarily always, involve a change of trains. Changing points are shown in bold type.
Until 2013, Ireland was the only European Union state that had not implemented EU Directive 91/440 and related legislation, having derogated from its obligation to split train operations and infrastructure businesses, and allow open access by private companies to the rail network. A consultation on the restructuring of Iarnród Éireann took ...
The Single European Railway Directive 2012 is an EU Directive that regulates railway networks in European Union law.This recast the First Railway Directive 91/440/EEC and consolidates legislation from each of the first to the fourth "Package" from 1991 to 2016, [1] and allows open access operations on railway lines by companies other than those that own the rail infrastructure.
ORR also regulates High Speed 1, the Channel Tunnel, and also acts as the appeal body, controls the network statement and monitors the competitive situation of rail services in Northern Ireland. It is the competition authority for the railways and enforces consumer protection law in relation to the railways.
New international HSR tracks are still being built and upgraded to international standards as part of the EU's Trans-European high-speed rail network (TEN-R). As of 2024, Spain operates the largest HSR network in Europe (3,966 km or 2,464 mi) [57] and the second-largest in the world after China.