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Because Base64 is a six-bit encoding, and because the decoded values are divided into 8-bit octets, every four characters of Base64-encoded text (4 sextets = 4 × 6 = 24 bits) represents three octets of unencoded text or data (3 octets = 3 × 8 = 24 bits). This means that when the length of the unencoded input is not a multiple of three, the ...
A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters . These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP ) or is not 8-bit clean .
The resulting string is encoded using a variant of Base64 (+/ and with padding). The authorization method and a space character (e.g. "Basic ") is then prepended to the encoded string. For example, if the browser uses Aladdin as the username and open sesame as the password, then the field's value is the Base64 encoding of Aladdin:open sesame ...
The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program. The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output .
The tag number is encoded in the following octets, where bit 8 of each is 1 if there are more octets, and bits 1–7 encode the tag number. The tag number bits combined, big-endian, encode the tag number. The least number of following octets should be encoded; that is, bits 1–7 should not all be 0 in the first following octet.
Since Base64 encoded data is approximately 33% larger than original data, it is recommended to use Base64 data URIs only if the server supports HTTP compression or embedded files are smaller than 1KB. The data, separated from the preceding part by a comma (,). The data is a sequence of zero or more octets represented as characters. The comma is ...
The next step is to encode this ternary number using a fixed-point binary number of sufficient precision to recover it, such as 0.0010110001 2 – this is only 10 bits; 2 bits are saved in comparison with naïve block encoding. This is feasible for long sequences because there are efficient, in-place algorithms for converting the base of ...
The number 0 is created by +[], where [] is the empty array and + is the unary plus, used to convert the right side to a numeric value (zero here). The number 1 is formed as +!![] or +!+[] , where the boolean value true (expressed as !![] or !+[] in JSFuck) is converted into the numeric value 1 by the prepended plus sign.