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Stoplogs are designed to cut off or stop flow through a conduit. They are typically long rectangular timber beams or boards that are placed on top of each other and dropped into premade slots inside a weir, gate, or channel. Present day, the process of adding and removing stoplogs is not manual, but done with hydraulic stoplog lifters and ...
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Batter boards (or battre boards, Sometimes mispronounced as "battle boads") are temporary frames, set beyond the corners of a planned foundation at precise elevations. These batter boards [ 1 ] are then used to hold layout lines (construction twine) to indicate the limits [ 2 ] (edges and corners) of the foundation.
The construction documents, specifically the technical specifications, require the contractor to submit product data, samples, and shop drawings to the architect and engineer for approval. This is one of the first steps that is taken by the contractor after execution of the construction contract and issuance of the "Notice to Proceed".
A finished tilt-up building. Tilt-up, tilt-slab or tilt-wall is a type of building and a construction technique using concrete.Though it is a cost-effective technique with a shorter completion time, [1] poor performance in earthquakes has mandated significant seismic retrofit requirements in older buildings.
The first residential building of slipform construction; erected in 1950 in Västertorp, Sweden, by AB Bygging Later picture of the residential building in Västertorp. Slip forming, continuous poured, continuously formed, or slipform construction is a construction method in which concrete is placed into a form that may be in continuous motion horizontally, or incrementally raised vertically.
It exerts forces acting in any direction and prevents all translational movements (horizontal and vertical) as well as all rotational movements of a member. These supports’ reaction forces are horizontal and vertical components of a linear resultant; a moment. [5] It is a rigid type of support or connection.
A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Steel- reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving ( see below ).