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Limb development in vertebrates is an area of active ... Removing the AER at a later period of development results in less disruption of distal structures than if the ...
The proximodistal trend is the tendency for more general functions of limbs to develop before more specific or fine motor skills.It comes from the Latin words proxim-which means "close" [1] and "-dis-" meaning "away from", [2] because the trend essentially describes a path from the center outward.
The apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is a structure that forms from the ectodermal cells at the distal end of each limb bud and acts as a major signaling center to ensure proper development of a limb. After the limb bud induces AER formation, the AER and limb mesenchyme —including the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA)—continue to communicate ...
Later during the development of the jaws, permanent molars arise directly from the distal extension of the dental lamina. The vestibular lamina is the thickening of oral epithelium in a facial [6] or buccal direction from the dental lamina. Meanwhile, a cleft will form a groove that becomes the area of the mucobuccal or mucolabial fold in the ...
DLX genes, like distal-less, are involved in limb development in most of the major phyla. [3]DLX genes are involved in craniofacial morphogenesis [9] [10] and the tangential migration of interneurons from the subpallium to the pallium during vertebrate brain development. [11]
Thus the upper arm in humans is proximal and the hand is distal. "Proximal and distal" are frequently used when describing appendages, such as fins, tentacles, and limbs. Although the direction indicated by "proximal" and "distal" is always respectively towards or away from the point of attachment, a given structure can be either proximal or ...
The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is a concept in educational psychology that represents the space between what a learner is capable of doing unsupported and what the learner cannot do even with support. It is the range where the learner is able to perform, but only with support from a teacher or a peer with more knowledge or expertise.
The proximodistal trend, on the other hand, is the prenatal growth from 5 months to birth when the fetus grows from the inside of the body outwards. When referring to motor development, the proximodistal trend refers to the development of motor skills from the center of the body outwards.