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Solid HF consists of zig-zag chains of HF molecules. The HF molecules, with a short covalent H–F bond of 95 pm length, are linked to neighboring molecules by intermolecular H–F distances of 155 pm. [4] Liquid HF also consists of chains of HF molecules, but the chains are shorter, consisting on average of only five or six molecules. [5]
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Metallic Network covalent Molecular covalent Single atoms Unknown Background color shows bonding of simple substances in the periodic table. If there are several, the most stable allotrope is considered.
The W–F bond distances are 183.2 pm. [6] Between 2.3 and 17 °C , tungsten hexafluoride condenses into a colorless liquid having the density of 3.44 g/cm 3 at 15 °C . [ 7 ] At 2.3 °C it freezes into a white solid having a cubic crystalline structure, the lattice constant of 628 pm and calculated density 3.99 g/cm 3 .
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The fluorine–fluorine bond of the difluorine molecule is relatively weak when compared to the bonds of heavier dihalogen molecules. The bond energy is significantly weaker than those of Cl 2 or Br 2 molecules and similar to the easily cleaved oxygen–oxygen bonds of peroxides or nitrogen–nitrogen bonds of hydrazines. [8]
The bifluoride ion has a linear, centrosymmetric structure (D ∞h symmetry), with an F−H bond length of 114 pm. [1] The bond strength is estimated to be greater than 155 kJ/mol. [2] In molecular orbital theory, the atoms are modeled to be held together by a 3-center 4-electron bond (symmetrical hydrogen bond), [3] in a sort of hybrid between a hydrogen bond and a covalent bond.
Antimony pentafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula Sb F 5.This colourless, viscous liquid is a strong Lewis acid and a component of the superacid fluoroantimonic acid, formed upon mixing liquid HF with liquid SbF 5 in 1:1 ratio.