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  2. Dry heat sterilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_heat_sterilization

    Dry heat sterilization of an object is one of the earliest forms of sterilization practiced. It uses hot air that is either free from water vapor or has very little of it, where this moisture plays a minimal or no role in the process of sterilization.

  3. Pasteurization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurization

    Pasteurized milk in Japan A 1912 Chicago Department of Health poster explains household pasteurization to mothers.. In food processing, pasteurization (also pasteurisation) is a process of food preservation in which packaged foods (e.g., milk and fruit juices) are treated with mild heat, usually to less than 100 °C (212 °F), to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life.

  4. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]

  5. Moist heat sterilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moist_heat_sterilization

    Moist heat sterilization processes sterilize using hot air that is heavily laden with water vapor, which plays the most important role in the sterilization. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Boiling a sample for 30 minutes or more will kill virtually all vegetative cells present, but will not kill spores , which can germinate shortly thereafter and resume growth.

  6. Antimicrobial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial

    Different organisms show different degrees of resistance or susceptibility to heat or temperature, some organisms such as bacterial endospore are more resistant while vegetative cells are less resistant and are easily killed at lower temperatures. [58] Another method that involves the use of heat to kill microorganisms is fractional sterilization.

  7. How does heat kill? It confuses your brain. It shuts down ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/does-heat-kill-confuses...

    Heat kills in three main ways, Jay said. The usual first suspect is heatstroke — critical increases in body temperature that cause organs to fail. When inner body temperature gets too hot, the ...

  8. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal...

    The curve for E. coli is given in the figure, with the most effective UV light having a wavelength of 265 nm. This applies to most bacteria and does not change significantly for other microbes. Dosages for a 90% kill rate of most bacteria and viruses range between 2,000 and 8,000 μJ/cm 2.

  9. How did leftover spaghetti kill a healthy 20-year-old?

    www.aol.com/news/leftover-spaghetti-kill-healthy...

    Bacteria that produce toxins can’t be controlled; you can’t just cook it all out. A toxin is not a microbe; it’s a chemical. It’s a poisonous substance.” “Toxins do not smell ...