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  2. Cofactor (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)

    The succinate dehydrogenase complex showing several cofactors, including flavin, iron–sulfur centers, and heme.. A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's role as a catalyst (a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction).

  3. Coenzyme A - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenzyme_A

    Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. All genomes sequenced to date encode enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate , and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester ) as a substrate.

  4. Enzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme

    The malfunction of just one type of enzyme out of the thousands of types present in the human body can be fatal. An example of a fatal genetic disease due to enzyme insufficiency is Tay–Sachs disease, in which patients lack the enzyme hexosaminidase. [101] [102] One example of enzyme deficiency is the most common type of phenylketonuria.

  5. Biosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosynthesis

    Examples of biosynthetic pathways include those for the production of amino acids, lipid membrane components, and nucleotides, but also for the production of all classes of biological macromolecules, and of acetyl-coenzyme A, adenosine triphosphate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and other key intermediate and transactional molecules needed ...

  6. Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrolipoyl_transacetylase

    Pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1) is responsible for the oxidation of pyruvate, dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (this enzyme; EC 2.3.1.12) transfers the acetyl group to coenzyme A (CoA), and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (EC 1.8.1.4) regenerates the lipoamide. Because dihydrolipoyl transacetylase is the second of the three enzyme components ...

  7. Category:Coenzymes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Coenzymes

    Pages in category "Coenzymes" The following 35 pages are in this category, out of 35 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Adenosine triphosphate;

  8. Acetyl-CoA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl-CoA

    Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. [2] Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to be oxidized for energy production.

  9. Active site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_site

    For example, the heme in cytochrome C is bound to the protein through thioester bond. In some occasions, coenzymes can leave enzymes after the reaction is finished. Otherwise, they permanently bind to the enzyme. [6]: 69 Coenzyme is a broad concept which includes metal ions, various vitamins and ATP. If an enzyme needs coenzyme to work itself ...

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