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The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) (/ ˈ ɛ m ʃ ə /) is a large agency of the United States Department of Labor which administers the provisions of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Mine Act) to enforce compliance with mandatory safety and health standards as a means to eliminate fatal accidents, to reduce the frequency and severity of nonfatal accidents, to ...
Mine safety is a broad term referring to the practice of controlling and managing a wide range of hazards associated with the life cycle of mining-related activities.Mine safety practice involves the implementation of recognised hazard controls and/or reduction of risks associated with mining activities to legally, socially and morally acceptable levels.
Underground mining hazards include suffocation, gas poisoning, roof collapse and gas explosions. Open cut mining hazards are principally mine wall failures and vehicle collisions. In the US alone, more than 100,000 coal miners have been killed in accidents over the past century, [ 1 ] with more than 3,200 dying in 1907 alone.
Mining accidents can occur from a variety of causes, including leaks of poisonous gases such as hydrogen sulfide [2] or explosive natural gases, especially firedamp or methane, [3] dust explosions, collapsing of mine stopes, mining-induced seismicity, flooding, or general mechanical errors from improperly used or malfunctioning mining equipment (such as safety lamps or electrical equipment).
In addition, there have been many coal mining disasters, although work related coal deaths has declined substantially as safety measures have been enacted and underground mining has given up market share to surface mining. [citation needed] Underground mining hazards include suffocation, gas poisoning, roof collapse and gas explosions.
The Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MESA) under the U.S. Department of the Interior was the predecessor of the Mine Safety and Health Administration, prior to March 9, 1978. [1] It was formed by the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, [2] and co-approved respirators with NIOSH under 30 CFR Part 11. [3]
For example, a paper presented in 1991 at a major international conference on this subject was titled: "The Prediction of Acid Rock Drainage – Lessons from the Database". [2] Both AMD and ARD refer to low pH or acidic waters caused by the oxidation of sulfide minerals , though ARD is the more generic name.
AI-enabled wearable sensor networks may improve worker safety and health through access to real-time, personalized data, but also present psychosocial hazards such as micromanagement, a perception of surveillance, and information security concerns. There are several broad aspects of artificial intelligence (AI) that may give rise to specific ...