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The Hindu calendar, also called Panchanga (Sanskrit: पञ्चाङ्ग), is one of various lunisolar calendars that are traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with further regional variations for social and Hindu religious purposes.
Panchangas are used in Jyotisha (Jyotiṣa) (Indian astrology). [1] In Nepal and Eastern India, including Assam, Bengal and Odisha, the Panchangam is referred to as Panjika, and in the Mithila region, it is known as Maithili Panchang or Patra.
The Hindu calendar is based on a geocentric model of the Solar System. [1] A geocentric model describes the Solar System as seen by an observer on the surface of the Earth. The Hindu calendar defines nine measures of time (Sanskrit: मान IAST: māna): [2] brāhma māna; divya māna; pitraya māna; prājāpatya māna; guror māna; saura ...
A typical navagraha shrine found inside a Hindu temple. The term planet was applied originally only to the five planets known (i.e., visible to the naked eye) and excluded the Earth. The term was later generalized, particularly during the Middle Ages, to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven ...
Samvatsara (संवत्सर) is a Sanskrit term for a "year" in Vedic literature such as the Rigveda and other ancient texts. [1] In the medieval era literature, a samvatsara refers to the "Jovian year", that is a year based on the relative position of the planet Jupiter, while the solar year is called varsha.
The Gazette of India is dated in both the Gregorian calendar and the Indian national calendar. The Indian national calendar, also called the Shaka calendar or Śaka calendar, is a solar calendar that is used alongside the Gregorian calendar by The Gazette of India, in news broadcasts by All India Radio, and in calendars and official communications issued by the Government of India. [1]
Vaisakhi marks the beginning of Hindu Solar New Year in Punjab, Northern, Eastern, North-eastern and Central India according to the solar Vikram Samvat calendar. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] and marks the first day of the month of Vaisakha , which is usually celebrated on 13 or 14 April every year and is a historical and religious festival in Hinduism .
The table below contains calculations of cosmic Hindu units of time as experienced by different entities, namely humans, Pitris (forefathers), Devas (gods), Manu (progenitor of humanity), and Brahma (creator god). Calculations use a traditional 360-day year (twelve 30-day months) and a standard 24-hour day for all entities.