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A consumer price index (CPI) is a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households. It is calculated as the weighted average price of a market basket of consumer goods and services. Changes in CPI track changes in prices over time. [1]
However, from December 1982 through December 2011, the all-items CPI-E rose at an annual average rate of 3.1 percent, compared with increases of 2.9 percent for both the CPI-U and CPI-W. [28] This suggests that the elderly have been losing purchasing power at the rate of roughly 0.2 (=3.1–2.9) percentage points per year.
Consumer Price Index for Americans 62 years of age and older (R-CPI-E): This index re-weights prices from the CPI-U data to track spending for households with at least one consumer age 62 or older.
This index uses the arithmetic average of the current and based period quantities for weighting. It is considered a pseudo-superlative formula and is symmetric. [12] The use of the Marshall-Edgeworth index can be problematic in cases such as a comparison of the price level of a large country to a small one.
The most common type of market basket is the basket of consumer goods used to define the Consumer Price Index (CPI), often called the consumer basket. It is a sample of goods and services, offered at the consumer market. In the United States, the sample is determined by Consumer Expenditure Surveys conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. [1]
Price indices generally select a base year and make that index value equal to 100. Every other year is expressed as a percentage of that base year. In this example, let 2000 be the base year: 2000: original index value was $2.50; $2.50/$2.50 = 100%, so new index value is 100
The bundle of goods used to measure the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is applicable to consumers. So for wage earners as consumers, an appropriate way to measure real wages (the buying power of wages) is to divide the nominal wage (after-tax) by the growth factor in the CPI. Gross domestic product (GDP) is a measure of aggregate output. Nominal ...
The basket is an average of the basket for successive pairs of years; example of paired years are 2010–2011, 2011–2012, etc. The technique is so named because the second number in a pair of successive years becomes the first in the next pair. The result is a continuous "chain" of weights and averages. [3]