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Plant diversity and endemism in Sri Lanka are quite high. Of 3,210 flowering plants belonging to 1,052 genera, 916 species and 18 genera are endemic. [3] All but one of Sri Lanka's more than 55 dipterocarp (Sinhalese "Hora") are found nowhere else in the world. Sri Lanka's amphibian diversity is only becoming known now.
National parks are a class of protected areas in Sri Lanka and are administered by the Department of Wildlife Conservation.National parks are governed by the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (No. 2) of 1937 and may be created, amended or abolished by ministerial order. [1]
The forest reserve is an important habitat of the Sri Lankan elephant. [2] Hurulu forest reserve represents Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests . [ 3 ] There are many other protected areas situated around Hurulu Forest Reserve viz. Ritigala strict nature reserve, Minneriya-Girithale and Mahaweli flood plains nature reserves, Wasgamuwa ...
Sanctuaries are a class of protected areas in Sri Lanka and are administered by the Department of Wildlife Conservation.Sanctuaries are governed by the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (No. 2) of 1937 and may be created, amended or abolished by ministerial order. [1]
A game reserve (also known as a game park) is a large area of land where wild animals are hunted in a controlled way for sport. [1] If hunting is prohibited, a game reserve may be considered a nature reserve ; however, the focus of a game reserve is specifically the animals ( fauna ), whereas a nature reserve is also, if not equally, concerned ...
The most recent site, the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka, was listed in 2010. The Central Highlands and the Sinharaja Forest Reserve are natural sites, the other six are cultural. In addition, Sri Lanka has four sites on its tentative list. The country served as a member of the World Heritage Committee in the years 1983–1989. [3]
The park is inhabited by a herd of 150 Sri Lankan elephants. Marsh elephant (Elephas maximus vil-aliya) roams in the Mahaweli River area. Both monkeys found in the park, purple-faced langur and toque macaque, are endemic to Sri Lanka. While water buffalo and Sri Lankan axis deer are common to observe, Sri Lanka leopard and sloth bear are rare.
It is the government department responsible for maintaining national parks, nature reserves and wildlife in wilderness areas in Sri Lanka. [3] Forest reserves and wilderness areas are maintained by the Department of Forest Conservation. [4] The head of the department is the Director General of Wildlife Conservation, formally known as Warden.