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  2. Constraint grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_Grammar

    The second constraint says that if there is a cohort that is at least one word to the left (position *-1, the * meaning we may go further than one word and -meaning left) and that cohort is a first person pronoun, then the constraint does *not* match (NEGATE). In CG-3, rules may also be given names, e.g. SELECT:somename (…)

  3. Syntactic ambiguity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_ambiguity

    Competition-based models hold that differing syntactic analyses rival each other when syntactic ambiguities are resolved. If probability and language constraints offer similar support for each one, especially strong competition occurs. On the other hand, when constraints support one analysis over the other, competition is weak and processing is ...

  4. Locality (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locality_(linguistics)

    This is seen in English word order of questions, which show Wh components as sentence initial, though in the underlying structure, this is not so. The wh-phrase must also contain a question word, due to the fact that it needs to qualify as meeting the +q feature requirements.

  5. Phrase structure rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules

    A grammar that uses phrase structure rules is a type of phrase structure grammar. Phrase structure rules as they are commonly employed operate according to the constituency relation, and a grammar that employs phrase structure rules is therefore a constituency grammar ; as such, it stands in contrast to dependency grammars , which are based on ...

  6. Optimality theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimality_Theory

    Two total orders on the constraints of Con could generate the same range of input–output mappings, but differ in the relative ranking of two constraints which do not conflict with each other. Since there is no way to distinguish these two rankings they are said to belong to the same grammar. A grammar in OT is equivalent to an antimatroid. [5]

  7. Grammaticality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammaticality

    The sentence appears on a computer monitor word-by-word. After each word, participants were asked to choose if the sentence is still grammatical so far. Then they would go on to rate the sentence from 1 "perfectly good English" to 7 "really bad English." The result showed that ungrammatical sentences were rated to be better than the grammatical ...

  8. Syntactic parsing (computational linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_parsing...

    Given that much work on English syntactic parsing depended on the Penn Treebank, which used a constituency formalism, many works on dependency parsing developed ways to deterministically convert the Penn formalism to a dependency syntax, in order to use it as training data. One of the major conversion algorithms was Penn2Malt, which ...

  9. Syntactic movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_movement

    Representational theories (such as head-driven phrase structure grammar, lexical functional grammar, construction grammar, and most dependency grammars), in contrast, reject the notion of movement and often instead address discontinuities with other mechanisms including graph reentrancies, feature passing, and type shifters.

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