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Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of genetic disorders, all of which cause bone fragility. OI has high genetic heterogeneity , that is, many different genetic mutations lead to the same or similar sets of observable symptoms ( phenotypes ).
Diagnosis of Bruck syndrome must distinguish the association of contractures and skeletal fragility. Ultrasound is used for prenatal diagnosis. The diagnosis of a neonate bears resemblance to arthrogryposis multiplex congenital, and later in childhood to osteogenesis imperfecta. [1]
In classic non-deforming osteogenesis imperfecta with blue sclerae or common variable osteogenesis imperfecta with normal sclerae, nearly 60% of cases are de novo. COL1A1/2-related osteogenesis imperfecta is identified by repeated fractures with trivial trauma, defective dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), and hearing loss.
As tobacco smoking and high alcohol intake have been linked with osteoporosis, smoking cessation and moderation of alcohol intake are commonly recommended as ways to help prevent it. [ 122 ] In people with coeliac disease adherence to a gluten-free diet decreases the risk of developing osteoporosis [ 123 ] and increases bone density. [ 65 ]
It was first discovered in 1972 by Bianchine et al. when they described three families with osteogenesis imperfecta, pseudoglioma, retinoblastoma, and recurrence of bone fractures. [ 8 ] References
The uses of bisphosphonates include the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and other conditions that exhibit bone fragility.
Last year, Medicare reached agreements to lower prices on the 10 costliest drugs, including Eliquis, a blood thinner; Imbruvica, a blood cancer treatment; and NovoLog, a diabetes medication.
A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. [1] This process is most commonly due to osteoporosis, but may also be due to other pathologies such as cancer, infection (such as osteomyelitis), inherited bone disorders, or a bone cyst.