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Philips' Planisphere, ca. 1900. In astronomy, a planisphere (/ ˈ p l eɪ. n ɪ ˌ s f ɪər, ˈ p l æ n. ɪ-/) is a star chart analog computing instrument in the form of two adjustable disks that rotate on a common pivot. It can be adjusted to display the visible stars for any time and date.
A plastic planisphere. The word planisphere (Latin planisphaerium) was originally used in the second century by Ptolemy to describe the representation of a spherical Earth by a map drawn in the plane. [2] Planisphere
11th century – Planisphere invented by Biruni [7] 11th century – Universal latitude-independent astrolabe invented by Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel) [8] 1023 – Hamedan observatory in Persia; c. 1030 – Treasury of Optics by Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) of Iraq and Egypt; 1074–92 – Malikshah Observatory at Isfahan used by ...
The spherical astrolabe was a variation of both the astrolabe and the armillary sphere, invented during the Middle Ages by astronomers and inventors in the Islamic world. [b] The earliest description of the spherical astrolabe dates to Al-Nayrizi (fl. 892–902).
[1] They also invented an automatic flute player which appears to have been the first programmable machine. [2] c. 1000 Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī invented the Planisphere, an analog computer. [3] He also invented the first mechanical lunisolar calendar which employed a gear train and eight gear-wheels. [4]
A celestial map by the Dutch cartographer Frederik de Wit, 1670. A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate constellations, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and planets. [1]
The stereographic projection, also known as the planisphere projection or the azimuthal conformal projection, is a conformal map projection whose use dates back to antiquity. Like the orthographic projection and gnomonic projection , the stereographic projection is an azimuthal projection , and when on a sphere, also a perspective projection .
The academy later rebranded to Mrs Janet Taylor and Co. In 1863, she published the sixth edition of Directions To The Planisphere Of The Stars, but declared bankruptcy the following year. She left London in 1866. [15] She contracted bronchitis, and died in 26 January 1870 aged 65. Her death certificate states her occupation as "Teacher of ...