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The clarinet is a single-reed musical instrument in the woodwind family, with a nearly cylindrical bore and a flared bell.. Clarinets comprise a family of instruments of differing sizes and pitches.
Concert pitch is the pitch reference to which a group of musical instruments are tuned for a performance. Concert pitch may vary from ensemble to ensemble, and has varied widely over time. The ISO defines international standard pitch as A440, setting 440 Hz as the frequency of the A above middle C. Frequencies of other notes are defined ...
The clarinet family is a woodwind instrument family of various sizes and types of clarinets, including the common soprano clarinet in B♭ and A, bass clarinet, and sopranino E♭ clarinet. Clarinets that aren't the standard B♭ or A clarinets are sometimes known as harmony clarinets.
In the wind band and clarinet choir the alto clarinet can add tonal strength to the ensemble, not only because it can play lower notes, but because some of the most beautiful notes (written C to F) in the upper register of the alto clarinet have the same pitch as the weaker-toned middle-register notes (written F to B ♭) of the B ♭ soprano ...
The contra-alto clarinet is higher-pitched than the contrabass and is pitched in the key of E ♭ rather than B ♭.The unhyphenated form "contra alto clarinet" is also sometimes used, as is "contralto clarinet", but the latter is confusing since the instrument's range is much lower than the contralto vocal range; the more correct term "contra-alto" is meant to convey, by analogy with ...
Many professional or advanced bass clarinet models extend down to a low C (sounding B ♭, identical to the bassoon's lowest B ♭), two octaves below written middle C. At concert pitch this note is the B ♭ below the second ledger line below the bass staff or B ♭ 1 in scientific pitch notation. These three lowermost half-steps are played ...
The E-flat (E ♭) clarinet is a member of the clarinet family, smaller than the more common B ♭ clarinet and pitched a perfect fourth higher. It is typically considered the sopranino or piccolo member of the clarinet family and is a transposing instrument in E ♭ with a sounding pitch a minor third higher than written. The E-flat clarinet ...
The pitch of this instrument today identifies it as a contra alto clarinet. However, it never came onto the market. Around 1880 the Italian clarinet maker Alessandro Maldura built a contra alto clarinet in E ♭ of grenadilla wood with 14 keys, 1.93 m long, which he called Clarone grande, exhibited at the 1881 Italian National Exhibition in Milan.