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The Hindu Maha Puranas are traditionally attributed to Vyasa, but many scholars considered them likely the work of many authors over the centuries; in contrast, most Jaina Puranas can be dated and their authors assigned. [5] There are 18 Mukhya Puranas (Major Puranas) and 18 Upa Puranas (Minor Puranas), [8] with over 400,000 verses. [2]
The Puranas (literally "ancient, old", [10]) is a vast genre of Indian literature about a wide range of topics, particularly legends and other traditional lore, [11] composed in the first millennium CE. [12] [note 1] The Hindu Puranas are anonymous texts and likely the work of many authors over the centuries. [13]
The Itihasa-Purana, the Epic-Puranic narratives of the Sanskrit Epics (Mahabharata and the Ramayana) [1] and the Puranas, [1] contain royal genealogies of the lunar dynasty and solar dynasty which are regarded by Indian traditions as historic events, and used in the Epic-Puranic chronology to establish a traditional timeline of Indian history.
Hindu scriptures are traditionally classified into two parts: śruti, meaning "what has been heard" (originally transmitted orally) and Smriti, meaning "what has been retained or remembered" (originally written, and attributed to individual authors).
The Shiva Purana, like other Puranas in Hindu literature, were routinely edited, recast and revised over the centuries. [7] [8] Hazra states that the Bombay manuscript published in the 19th-century is rarer, and is likely older than other versions published from eastern and southern India. [18]
The source of many popular stories of Krishna's pastimes for centuries in the Indian subcontinent, [6] the Bhagavata Purana is widely recognized as the best-known and most influential of the Puranas, and as a part of Vedic literature (the Puranas, Itihasa epics, and Upanishads) is referred to as the "Fifth Veda".
The Purana, states Wilson, is pantheistic and the ideas in it, like other Puranas, are premised on the Vedic beliefs and ideas. [15] Vishnu Purana, like all major Puranas, attributes its author to be sage Vyasa. [16] The actual author(s) and date of its composition are unknown and contested. Estimates of its composition range from 400 CE to 900 ...
The Padma Purana, like other Puranas, exists in numerous versions. [11] One major recension, traced to Bengal region, has five Khandas (Parts, Books) and an appendix, but has neither been published nor translated. [3]