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In Hindu temple architecture, a ratha is a vertical offset projection on the plan of a structure, particularly of the shikhara above the sanctum. [1] [2] The term has the same meaning when applied to the forms of the bases of statues. A ratha is generally carried up from the bottom of the temple to the superstructure.
A Hindu temple is a pancharatha when there are five ratha (on plan) or paga (on elevation) on the tower of the temple (generally a shikhara). [1] The rathas are vertical offset projection or facets. The name comes from the sanskrit Pancha (=five) and Ratha (=chariot), but the link with the concept of chariot is not clear.
Pancha Rathas is an example of monolithic Indian rock-cut architecture. The complex was initially thought to have carved during the reign of King Narasimhavarman I (630–668 CE). However, historians such as Nagaswamy attributed all of monuments in Mahabalipuram to Narasimhavarman II (c. 690–725 CE) with the discovery of new inscriptions. [ 1 ]
Elevation of Dharmaraja's Ratha Section of Dharmaraja's Ratha. All the Pancha Rathas are aligned in a north–south direction and share a common plinth. They have no precedent in Indian architecture and have proved to be "templates" for building larger temples in the South Indian tradition of Dravidian temple architecture. [8]
Similar to the Arjuna and Dharmaraja Rathas, the stone temple is a replica of an earlier wooden version which preceded it. [13] Bhima Ratha is an ektala or single tiered oblong temple, with a barrel-vaulted roof and ornate columns. It is the third ratha after Draupadi and Arjuna Rathas, carved over an extended long pink granite rock out crop ...
Like the other four Pancha Rathas, this stone one is a replica of a wooden version which preceded it. [13] Though it is considered to be a monolith temple, "temple" is a misnomer given that the five rathas were never completed, [14] as evidenced by uncarved bedrock at the pinnacle. Hence, the rathas were neither consecrated nor worship offered.
Like the other four Pancha Rathas, this stone edifice is a replica of a wooden version which preceded it. [17] Though it is considered to be a monolith temple, "temple" is a misnomer given that the five rathas were never completed, [13] as evidenced by uncarved bedrock at the pinnacle. Hence, the rathas were neither consecrated nor worship offered.
Ces cinq temples monolithes, appelés rathas (chariots), ont été sculptés sous le règne de Narasimhavarman (630-670), de la dynastie des Pallavas à Mahabalipuram en Inde du sud. Un ratha est un chariot en bois destiné à transporter le dieu lors d'une procession, il prend la forme d'un petit temple doté de roues, c'est par analogie que ...