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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1, the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus. [3] The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak .
The major part of the outbreak lasted about 8 months, and the World Health Organization declared SARS contained on 5 July 2003. However, several SARS cases were reported until May 2004. [4] In late December 2019, SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus in the same genus as the one that caused SARS, was discovered in Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Another common finding in SARS patients is a decrease in the number of lymphocytes circulating in the blood. [14] In the SARS outbreak of 2003, about 9% of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-1 infection died. [15] The mortality rate was much higher for those over 60 years old, with mortality rates approaching 50% for this subset of patients. [15]
Another estimate suggests SARS-CoV-2 shares a common ancestor with bat coronavirus RmYN02 in about 1976. [172] SARS-CoV also possibly originated in around 1962 from the same horseshoe bats that harbours SARS-like coronaviruses. [116] It was transmitted humans in around 1998 (4.08 years prior to the outbreak in 2003). [173]
The following is a list of diseases by year of discovery. Year Disease Discoverer 2600 BC: Malaria [1] 1900 BC: Rabies: 1600 BC: ... SARS-CoV-2: See also. Lists of ...
The timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic lists the articles containing the chronology and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, [1] the virus that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The first human cases of COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, on or about 17 November 2019. [2]
SARS-CoV-2 shares amino acid identity with a furin cleavage site of human ENaC α subunit. [30] [31] [b] Human ENaC is identical only to that of a few great apes and Pipistrellus kuhli. [32] SARS-CoV-2 is also distinct among human coronaviruses for having a single intact ORF8 gene rather than "a" and "b" subunits. [1]
After the publication of the report, politicians, talk show hosts, journalists, and some scientists advanced unsupported claims that SARS-CoV-2 may have come from the WIV. [139] In the United States, calls to investigate a laboratory leak reached "fever pitch", fueling aggressive rhetoric resulting in antipathy towards people of Asian ancestry ...