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A geostationary orbit, also referred to as a geosynchronous equatorial orbit [a] (GEO), is a circular geosynchronous orbit 35,786 km (22,236 mi) in altitude above Earth's equator, 42,164 km (26,199 mi) in radius from Earth's center, and following the direction of Earth's rotation.
First commercial communications satellite in orbit. Was operated off and on until 1990. November 26 France: Asterix: Diamant A: Earth Success: First French satellite. First orbital launch outside U.S. and Soviet Union. November 29 Canada: Alouette 2: Thor-Agena: Earth Success: Research satellite designed to explore Earth's ionosphere December ...
A satellite in a geostationary orbit appears stationary, always at the same point in the sky, to ground observers. Popularly or loosely, the term "geosynchronous" may be used to mean geostationary. [1] Specifically, geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) may be a synonym for geosynchronous equatorial orbit, [2] or geostationary Earth orbit. [3]
First satellite for satellite telephone service: May 5, 1997 United States: AO-40: First satellite to use GPS for navigation and attitude determination in High Earth orbit [3] [4] November 16, 2000 Germany United States: Artemis: First demonstration of inter-satellite laser communication [5] November 21, 2001 (experiment) European Union: SuitSat
The timeline of first Earth observation satellites shows, in chronological order, those successful Earth observation satellites, that is, Earth satellites with a program of Earth science. Sputnik 1 , while the first satellite ever launched, did not conduct Earth science.
True color image of the Earth from space. This image is a composite image collected over 16 days by the MODIS sensor on NASA’s Terra satellite. NASA Earth science satellite fleet as of September 2020, planned through 2023. Earth observation satellite missions developed by the ESA as of 2019.
A geostationary orbit, at 36,000 km (22,000 mi), allows a satellite to hover over a constant spot on the earth since the orbital period at this altitude is 24 hours. This allows uninterrupted coverage of more than 1/3 of the Earth per satellite, so three satellites, spaced 120° apart, can cover the whole Earth.
SMS-derived GOES satellite This is a list of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites . GOES spacecraft are operated by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , with NASA responsible for research and development, and later procurement of spacecraft.