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RS-485, also known as TIA-485(-A) or EIA-485, is a standard, originally introduced in 1983, defining the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers for use in serial communications systems. Electrical signaling is balanced , and multipoint systems are supported.
Block diagram for a UART. A universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART / ˈ juː ɑːr t /) is a peripheral device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable.
AISG protocol is based on half duplex communication and HDLC protocol. The AISG bus is a single master multi slave bus. Communication media can be either RS-485 based using a dedicated cable specified in the AISG standard or OOK carrier injected into the RF antenna feeder cable of a base station site. The master controlling the communication is ...
Those modems are obsolete, having been replaced by modems which convert asynchronous data to synchronous forms, but similar synchronous telecommunications protocols survive in numerous block-oriented technologies such as the widely used IEEE 802.2 (Ethernet) link-level protocol. USARTs are still sometimes integrated with MCUs.
Optomux [1] is a serial (RS-422/RS485) network protocol originally developed by Opto 22 in 1982 which is used for industrial automation applications. Optomux is an ASCII protocol consisting of command messages and response messages containing data from an Optomux unit & contain a message checksum to ensure secure communications.
Protocol information; Type of network: Open fieldbus and industrial Ethernet: Physical media: RS485, optical fiber, Ethernet (gigabit & 100Mbit) Network topology: bus, star, ring, line (depending on type)
The image below exemplifies many of the protocol and physical layer concepts explained above. For example, the RT address contained in the Command Word has a value of 0x3 (in range of 0 to 31). The sixth bit is 1, indicating a Transmit from the RT. The sub-address is 0x01.
While it was originally created for the IEEE-488.1 (GPIB) bus, [5] SCPI can also be used with RS-232, RS-422, RS-485, USB, Ethernet, VXIbus, HiSLIP, etc. [5] SCPI commands are ASCII textual strings, [5] which are sent to the instrument over the physical layer. [5] Commands are a series of one or more keywords, many of which take parameters.