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The pigpen cipher uses graphical symbols assigned according to a key similar to the above diagram. [1]The pigpen cipher (alternatively referred to as the masonic cipher, Freemason's cipher, Rosicrucian cipher, Napoleon cipher, and tic-tac-toe cipher) [2] [3] is a geometric simple substitution cipher, which exchanges letters for symbols which are fragments of a grid.
A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name. A numeric character reference uses the format &#nnnn; or &#xhhhh; where nnnn is the code point in decimal form, and hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form.
The tap code is based on a Polybius square using a 5×5 grid of letters representing all the letters of the Latin alphabet, except for K, which is represented by C. . Each letter is communicated by tapping two numbers, the first designating the row and the second (after a pause) designating the column.
In the IBM PC Bios typing an Alt code greater than 255 produced the same as that number modulo 256. [3] Some applications retained this behavior, while others (in particular applications using the Windows RichEdit control, such as WordPad and PSPad ) made numbers from 256 to 65,535 produce the corresponding Unicode character. [ 4 ]
The following phrases come from a portable media player's seven-segment display. They give a good illustration of an application where a seven-segment display may be sufficient for displaying letters, since the relevant messages are neither critical nor in any significant risk of being misunderstood, much due to the limited number and rigid domain specificity of the messages.
The Recordmark or Record mark character (represented as ‡) is a character used to mark the end of a record. [7] The BCD code for this character is 32 8 in some BCD variants. . The closest Unicode equivalent is U+29E7 ⧧ THERMODYNAMIC, but that is not found in many fonts, so U+2021 ‡ DOUBLE DAGGER is often used inste
A 6 × 6 grid is also usually used for the Cyrillic alphabet (the most common variant has 33 letters, but some have up to 37) [citation needed] or Japanese hiragana (see cryptography in Japan). A key could be used to reorder the alphabet in the square, with the letters (without duplicates) of the key being placed at the beginning and the ...
Lord Playfair, who heavily promoted its use.. Playfair cipher was the first cipher to encrypt pairs of letters in cryptologic history. [2] Wheatstone invented the cipher for secrecy in telegraphy, but it carries the name of his friend Lord Playfair, first Baron Playfair of St. Andrews, who promoted its use.